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An integrated approach for machine-learning-based system identification of dynamical systems under control: application towards the model predictive control of a highly nonlinear reactor system

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 237-250 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2058-6

摘要： Advanced model-based control strategies, e.g., model predictive control, can offer superior control of key process variables for multiple-input multiple-output systems. The quality of the system model is critical to controller performance and should adequately describe the process dynamics across its operating range while remaining amenable to fast optimization. This work articulates an integrated system identification procedure for deriving black-box nonlinear continuous-time multiple-input multiple-output system models for nonlinear model predictive control. To showcase this approach, five candidate models for polynomial and interaction features of both output and manipulated variables were trained on simulated data and integrated into a nonlinear model predictive controller for a highly nonlinear continuous stirred tank reactor system. This procedure successfully identified system models that enabled effective control in both servo and regulator problems across wider operating ranges. These controllers also had reasonable per-iteration times of ca. 0.1 s. This demonstration of how such system models could be identified for nonlinear model predictive control without prior knowledge of system dynamics opens further possibilities for direct data-driven methodologies for model-based control which, in the face of process uncertainties or modelling limitations, allow rapid and stable control over wider operating ranges.

关键词： nonlinear model predictive control black-box modeling continuous-time system identification machine learning industrial applications of process control

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Manufacturing system modeling and performance evaluation based on improved stochastic statechart

ZHANG Guojun, HE Jiabing, ZHU Haiping, CHEN Xuan

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第4期页码 453-458 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0078-7

摘要： Stochastic statecharts are widely used in modeling systems. Considering that the comparability between different subsystems can streamline the modeling process, a stochastic statechart is improved by using the abstract sub-system and general system chart to express the comparability and integrity of a stochastic statechart respectively. Per formance data can be obtained by using a continuous-time Markov chain, which is transformed from a manufacturing system model described by the improved stochastic statechart. The case study shows that the improved stochastic statechart can effectively simplify the modeling and performance evaluation process and the results are useful to the configuration and optimization of a manufacturing system.

关键词： performance evaluation different configuration improved continuous-time

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非线性调合调度问题的全局优化

Pedro A. Castillo Castillo Pedro M. Castro,Vladimir Mahalec

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 188-201 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.005

摘要：

汽油调合调度是炼油工业中的一个重要问题。一方面，该问题具有调度问题本身所具有的组合优化特性；另一方面，由于调合各种具有不同品质特性的物料，导致该优化问题的非凸性。本文提出一种新型的全局优化算法，用于求解基于连续时间汽油调合调度模型的混合整数非线性规划问题。该模型包含调合配方优化、分配问题及若干操作特性和约束；算法上采用分段McCormick 松弛(PMCR) 和规范多参数解聚(NMDT)，计算全局最优解的估计值，其松弛技术将双线性项中的一个变量值域进行分割，进而在每一个分段上产生凸松弛；通过增加分段数和缩减变量的值域，提高对全局最优解的估计。本文利用该算法求解四个案例，并与两个商业全局优化求解器和两个启发式算法进行比较，结果表明，本文提出的全局优化算法与商业求解器具有同等水平，但是在计算速度上稍逊于启发式算法。

关键词：全局优化非线性汽油调合连续时间调合模型分段线性松弛

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智能电网中分布式经济调度研究进展：综述 Review Articles

温广辉1,余星火2,刘智伟3

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第1期页码 1-140 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000205

摘要：设计一种高效的分布式经济调度策略对具有多台发电机的智能电网具有重要意义，将使得新一代电力系统获取多种益处，如易于实施、低维护成本、高能源效率、对各种不确定性的强鲁棒性。因此，该领域吸引了来自电力工程、控制理论、应用数学等不同学科的广泛研究兴趣。本文综述智能电网分布式经济调度的理论研究最新进展，重点关注2015年以来发表的文献。系统回顾该主题的最新研究结果，并将其分为分布式离散时间和分布式连续时间经济调度算法两类。在回顾相关文献的基础上，简要介绍未来研究方向，包括智能电网的分布式安全经济调度、具有实际约束的分布式快速经济调度、高效无初值分布式经济调度、具有智能储能电池和灵活负载的分布式经济调度以及结合人工智能技术的分布式经济调度。

关键词：分布式经济调度；分布式优化；智能电网；连续时间优化算法；离散优化算法

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General expression for linear and nonlinear time series models

Ren HUANG, Feiyun XU, Ruwen CHEN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第1期页码 15-24 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0015-z

摘要： The typical time series models such as ARMA, AR, and MA are founded on the normality and stationarity of a system and expressed by a linear difference equation; therefore, they are strictly limited to the linear system. However, some nonlinear factors are within the practical system; thus, it is difficult to fit the model for real systems with the above models. This paper proposes a general expression for linear and nonlinear auto-regressive time series models (GNAR). With the gradient optimization method and modified AIC information criteria integrated with the prediction error, the parameter estimation and order determination are achieved. The model simulation and experiments show that the GNAR model can accurately approximate to the dynamic characteristics of the most nonlinear models applied in academics and engineering. The modeling and prediction accuracy of the GNAR model is superior to the classical time series models. The proposed GNAR model is flexible and effective.

关键词： linear and nonlinear autoregressive model system identification time series analysis

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Decreasing complexity of glucose time series derived from continuous glucose monitoring is correlated

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 68-74 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0955-9

摘要： Most information used to evaluate diabetic statuses is collected at a special time-point, such as taking fasting plasma glucose test and providing a limited view of individual’s health and disease risk. As a new parameter for continuously evaluating personal clinical statuses, the newly developed technique “continuous glucose monitoring” (CGM) can characterize glucose dynamics. By calculating the complexity of glucose time series index (CGI) with refined composite multi-scale entropy analysis of the CGM data, the study showed for the first time that the complexity of glucose time series in subjects decreased gradually from normal glucose tolerance to impaired glucose regulation and then to type 2 diabetes (P for trend < 0.01). Furthermore, CGI was significantly associated with various parameters such as insulin sensitivity/secretion (all P < 0.01), and multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the disposition index, which reflects β-cell function after adjusting for insulin sensitivity, was the only independent factor correlated with CGI (P < 0.01). Our findings indicate that the CGI derived from the CGM data may serve as a novel marker to evaluate glucose homeostasis.

关键词： complexity of glucose time series continuous glucose monitoring impaired glucose regulation insulin secretion and sensitivity refined composite multi-scale entropy

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连续非线性最优控制问题的勒让德—伽辽金逼近方法 Article

Xue-song CHEN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第10期页码 1479-1487 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601101

摘要：使用逼近方法获得一类连续非线性最优控制问题的近似最优解。该方法基于伽辽金逼近理论（Galerkin approximation）求解广义哈密尔顿—雅可比—贝尔曼（Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman, GHJB）方程。勒让德—伽辽金逼近方法（GALP）尚未被用于求解连续非线性最优控制问题。由于勒让德多项式（Legendre polynomials）具有正交性，在计算函数内积时，该方法可以明显减少积分计算量。详细证明了此方法的稳定性和收敛性。数值算例表明，按此方法获得的控制律，能够收敛到连续非线性控制系统的最优控制。

关键词：广义哈密尔顿—雅可比—贝尔曼方程；非线性最优控制；伽辽金逼近（Galerkin approximation）；勒让德多项式（Legendre polynomials）

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Damage identification in connections of moment frames using time domain responses and an optimization

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 851-866 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0739-3

摘要： Damage is defined as changes to the material and/or geometric properties of a structural system, comprising changes to the boundary conditions and system connectivity, adversely affecting the system’s performance. Inspecting the elements of structures, particularly critical components, is vital to evaluate the structural lifespan and safety. In this study, an optimization-based method for joint damage identification of moment frames using the time-domain responses is introduced. The beam-to-column connection in a metallic moment frame structure is modeled by a zero-length rotational spring at both ends of the beam element. For each connection, an end-fixity factor is specified, which changes between 0 and 1. Then, the problem of joint damage identification is converted to a standard optimization problem. An objective function is defined using the nodal point accelerations extracted from the damaged structure and an analytical model of the structure in which the nodal accelerations are obtained using the Newmark procedure. The optimization problem is solved by an improved differential evolution algorithm (IDEA) for identifying the location and severity of the damage. To assess the capability of the proposed method, two numerical examples via different damage scenarios are considered. Then, a comparison between the proposed method and the existing damage identification method is provided. The outcomes reveal the high efficiency of the proposed method for finding the severity and location of joint damage considering noise effects.

关键词： damage identification beam-to-column connection time-domain response optimization

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A super-element approach for structural identification in time domain

LI Jie, ZHAO Xin

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第2期页码 215-221 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0004-4

摘要： For most time-domain identification methods, a complete measurement for unique identification results is required for structural responses. However, the number of transducers is commonly far less than the number of structural degrees of freedom (DOFs) in practical applications, and thus make the time-domain identification methods rarely feasible for practical systems. A super-element approach is proposed in this study to identify the structural parameters of a large-scale structure in the time domain. The most interesting feature of the proposed super-element approach is its divide-and-conquer ability, which can be applied to identify large-scale structures using a relatively small number of transducers. The super-element model used for time domain identification is first discussed in this study. Then a parameterization procedure based on the sensitivities of response forces is introduced to establish the identification equations of super-elements. Some principles are suggested on effective decomposing of the whole structure into super-elements for identification purposes. Numerical simulations are conducted at the end of this study. The numerical results show that all structural parameters can be identified using a relatively small number of transducers, and the computational time can also be greatly shortened.

关键词： numerical effective decomposing parameterization procedure divide-and-conquer ability time-domain identification

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跨维数线性连续系统的解和稳定性

张庆乐,王彪,冯俊娥

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第2期页码 141-286 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900504

摘要：利用V-加法和V-乘法研究了维数有界的跨维数线性连续系统（CCDLSs）的解和稳定性。使用积分迭代法，得到CCDLSs的解。基于解的代数表示以及矩阵的若尔当分解，给出相应的充要条件判断一个CCDLS在给定初始状态后是否渐进稳定。该条件提供了一种确定吸引域以及吸引域间关系的方法。然后，研究了所有可镇定的初始状态，并提出相应控制器的设计方法。最后，给出两个例子说明理论结果的有效性。

关键词：跨维数；V-加法；V-乘法；渐进稳定性；镇定性

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Continuous dynamic monitoring of a centenary iron bridge for structural modification assessment

Carmelo GENTILE,Antonella SAISI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 26-41 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0284-4

摘要： A multi-channel continuous dynamic monitoring system has been installed in a centenary iron arch bridge on late November 2011. The historic infrastructure, completed in 1889 and crossing the Adda river about 50 km far from Milan, is the most important monument of XIX century iron architecture in Italy and is still used as roadway and railway bridge. The monitoring project follows a series of preliminary ambient vibration tests carried out on the bridge since June 2009. The paper describes the bridge structure and its dynamic characteristics identified from the experimental studies developed since 2009, the installed monitoring system and the software developed in LabVIEW for automatically processing the collected data. Subsequently, the tracking of automatically identified natural frequencies over a period of about 18 months is presented and discussed, highlighting the effects of environmental and operational conditions on the bridge dynamic characteristics as well as the detection of structural changes, mainly based on natural frequencies shifts.

关键词： automated modal identification continuous dynamic monitoring environmental/operational effects iron arch bridge structural health monitoring

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Non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring: a review of current applications

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 91-101 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0239-5

摘要：

Blood pressure monitoring has come a long way from the initial observations made by Reverend Hales in the 18th century. There are none that deny the importance of monitoring perioperative blood pressure; however, the limited ability of the current prevalent technology (oscillometric blood pressure monitoring) to offer continuous blood pressure measurements leaves room for improvement. Invasive monitoring is able to detect beat-to-beat blood pressure measurement, but the risks inherent to the procedure make it unsuitable for routine use except when this risk is outweighed by the benefits. This review focuses on the discoveries which have led up to the current blood pressure monitoring technologies, and especially the creation of those offering non-invasive but continuous blood pressure monitoring capabilities, including their methods of measurement and limitations.

关键词： non-invasive blood pressure monitoring continuous blood pressure monitoring invasive blood pressure monitoring Riva-Rocci technique oscillometric Pe?áz technique arterial tonometry pulse transit time

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Time-domain and frequency-domain approaches to identification of bridge flutter derivatives

Zhengqing CHEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 173-179 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0034-1

摘要： Flutter derivatives are essential for flutter analysis of long-span bridges, and they are generally identified from the vibration testing data of a sectional model suspended in a wind tunnel. Making use of the forced vibration testing data of three sectional models, namely, a thin-plate model, a nearly streamlined model, and a bluff-body model, a comparative study was made to identify the flutter derivatives of each model by using a time-domain method and a frequency-domain method. It was shown that all the flutter derivatives of the thin-plate model identified with the frequency-domain method and time-domain method, respectively, agree very well. Moreover, some of the flutter derivatives of each of the other two models identified with the two methods deviate to some extent. More precisely, the frequency-domain method usually results in smooth curves of the flutter derivatives. The formulation of time-domain method makes the identification results of flutter derivatives relatively sensitive to the signal phase lag between vibration state vector and aerodynamic forces and also prone to be disturbed by noise and nonlinearity.

关键词： long-span bridges wind-induced vibration flutter derivatives forced vibration test time-domain method frequency-domain method

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基于子空间的离散时滞系统辨识 Article

Qiang LIU,Jia-chen MA

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第6期页码 566-575 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500358

摘要：本文研究了具有未知时延的线性随机时滞系统的辨识问题。时滞系统被表达为具有单一时延的时滞差分方程。首先利用状态增广方法将时滞系统转化为一个等价的线性时不变系统，然后采用传统的子空间辨识方法来估计增广系统矩阵。本文提出了一种ACS算法，从而得到时滞系统的状态空间模型。最后，基于ACS算法得到的相似变换，重新得到卡尔曼状态序列。采用最小二乘法，利用卡尔曼状态序列和输入输出数据，得出相同状态空间下的时滞系统矩阵。仿真结果表明了这种算法的有效性。

关键词：辨识问题；时滞系统；子空间辨识方法；ACS算法；最小二乘法

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基于实测时间序列的非线性系统恢复力识别

许斌,贺佳

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第9期页码 76-82

摘要：

提出一种完全基于激励和结构响应实测数据的结构动力系统非线性恢复力识别方法，并通过在一个4层钢结构模型中引入具有非线性特性的磁流变阻尼器（MR）模拟非线性恢复力，基于此模型结构在不同的激励方式下的动力响应测量数据，验证了该方法的有效性。对于结构的各自由度均受到激励的情况，运用最小二乘拟合算法识别出等效线性系统的物理参数（质量、刚度和阻尼矩阵），进而得到模型结构振动过程中MR阻尼力随时间变化情况并与实验实测结果进行了比较。针对结构仅在有限自由度上受到激励的情况，对以上方法进行了改进，提出了一种非线性系统恢复力的非参数化识别方法，利用结构中弹性恢复力的对称关系，分步确定了结构各层间恢复力模型，从而得到MR恢复力的大小并与实测结果进行了比较。结果表明，基于时域实测信号的非线性系统恢复力识别法在完整激励和非完整激励下均能有效地识别结构的非线性恢复力特性。文章所述方法可以运用于工程结构在动力荷载作用下的损伤发生发展过程的监测与识别。

关键词：非线性恢复力磁流变阻尼器最小二乘拟合等效线性系统非参数化模型

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标题作者时间类型操作

An integrated approach for machine-learning-based system identification of dynamical systems under control: application towards the model predictive control of a highly nonlinear reactor system

期刊论文

Manufacturing system modeling and performance evaluation based on improved stochastic statechart

ZHANG Guojun, HE Jiabing, ZHU Haiping, CHEN Xuan

期刊论文

非线性调合调度问题的全局优化

Pedro A. Castillo Castillo Pedro M. Castro,Vladimir Mahalec

期刊论文

智能电网中分布式经济调度研究进展：综述

温广辉1,余星火2,刘智伟3

期刊论文

General expression for linear and nonlinear time series models

Ren HUANG, Feiyun XU, Ruwen CHEN